Mr. E's Forum: 2006-2007 -> Debate Theory & Debate Team -> 2007-2008 High School Debate Resolution
Post Info TOPIC: 2007-2008 High School Debate Resolution
mre

Date:
2007-2008 High School Debate Resolution
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Resolved: The United States federal government should substantially increase its public health assistance to Sub-Saharan Africa.

1.  Choose either an affirmative or a negative position. 

2.  Choose a stock issue (topicality, need, inherency, workability, solvency or advantages/disadvantages).

3.  Find and post five pieces of evidence to support one stock issue.  Each quote must be explained as to its context and application by either the affirmative or negative team.

4.  Post your findings here.



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Justin

Date:
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1.  Affirmative

 2.  Need

3.  "New survey data underscore the disproportionate impact of the AIDS epidemic on women, especially in sub-Saharan Africa where, on average, three women are HIV-infected for every two men.  Among young people (15-24 years), that ratio widens considerably, to three young women for every young man."  UNAIDS, '2006 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic'

"Sub-Saharan Africa is more heavily affected by HIV and AIDS than any other region of the world. An estimated 24.5 million people were living with HIV at the end of 2005 and approximately 2.7 million new infections occurred during that year.  In just the past year the epidemic has claimed the lives of an estimated 2 million people in this region. More than twelve million children have been orphaned by AIDS."  UNAIDS, '2006 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic'

"Until recently the national prevalence rate has remained relatively low in Nigeria, the most populous country in Sub-Saharan Africa. The rate has grown slowly from below 2% in 1993 to 3.9% in 2005."  avert.org

 "An estimated 24.5 million adults and children were living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa at the end of 2005.   During that year, an estimated 2 million people died from AIDS. The epidemic has left behind some 12 million orphaned African children." avert.org

'The HIV/AIDS pandemic remains a global disaster. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) harbours nearly 65% of the estimated 40.3 million people living with HIV/AIDS in the world in 2005. While general awareness about HIV and its causes is almost universal in most of SSA, transmission has not abated."  amref.org



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Jessica J

Date:
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 need- alot of people are dieing in alot of parts in africa.

The average expectancy for life in Africa was 62 prior to this AIDS epidemic but now the average age that people are living is 47 (HIV, 2004).  The total number of deaths in Africa at the end of 2003 was, 23,100,000 adults.  Of that 23,100,000 adults, 13,100,00 are women and 1,900,000 children; with a total number of 2.2 million people who died from AIDS in the year 2003. Sadly though, because people are ashamed to admit they have the disease the statistics are probably far to low to be accurate. Also AIDS is not considered a form of death in Africa. Death certificates do not record AIDS as a cause of death. "Whatever stats we have are not reliable," warns Mary Crewe of the University of Pretoria's Center for the Study of AIDS. "Everybody's guessing" (McGeany, 2001).  Since this epidemic started over 39 million Africans, sub-Saharan Africa, have lost their lives due to the AIDS disease. Twenty-five million people are still living with HIV to this day.  Twenty-one of the countries with the highest level of HIV have been found in Africa.  In places such as Zimbabwe and Botswana, one in four adults carry this virus, and children in these places are more likely to be born with the disease than without.  In 1999 there were 5.4 million new cases of AIDS and 4 million of them came from Africa.  Out of 2.8 million people died in 1999 from the HIV virus and 85% of those people were Africans (CNN, 2001).

http://www.lhup.edu/smarvel/Seminar/FALL_2004/Simon_2/africa.htm

poverty is a big deal in africa-

"The dying people say the sickness afflicting their families and neighbors is just the familiar consequence of their eternal poverty." Poverty of both the nation as a whole and in single families is responsible for the rapidly spreading virus. Women and young girls try to make money for food, clothes, and education. A very popular way to make a lot of money quickly is prostitution.  A married truck driver tries to explain the situation as he sees it. "Yes, HIV is terrible, madam," he says as he crooks a finger toward the businesswoman whose favors he will enjoy that night. "But, madam, sex is natural. Sex is not like beer or smoking. You can stop them. But unless you castrate the men, you can't stop sex — and then we all die anyway."  He says this even though he knows his promiscuity could carry the disease home to his wife.  He knows people die if they get this disease. And it does not all lie on the shoulders of these women; prostitutes are just the ones who admit they do it for cash. Everywhere there's premarital sex, sex as recreation.  "The nature of AIDS is to feast on promiscuity.  A common belief in Africa, especially for African women is that it is okay to give sex to eat.  "They got no man; they got no work; but they have kids, and the have to eat" (McGeany, 2001).

http://www.lhup.edu/smarvel/Seminar/FALL_2004/Simon_2/africa.htm

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Ðréw

Date:
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AFFIRMATIVE EVIDENCE 

NEED - While its economic growth is the envy of its neighbors, and its booming black middle class is thriving, millions of South Africans still live on less than $2 a day, lack access to clean drinking water, and suffer from HIV/AIDS.

Source: http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/africa/06/30/eye.on.africa/index.html

WORKABILITY - The UK does have an ethical code which means it will not actively recruit from certain developing countries, which includes sub-Saharan Africa.

Source: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/4582283.stm

NEED - "Sub-Saharan Africa alone needs around a million more healthcare workers, and unless the situation improves drastically rates of HIV will spiral, disability from childhood disease will rise, and thousands more lives will be lost." -Dr Edwin Borman

Source: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/4582283.stm

NEED - Sub-Saharan Africa has just over 10% of the world's population, but is home to almost 64% of all HIV infections, with an estimated 21.6 million to 27.4 million people living with HIV-infection. In 2005, an estimated 2.3 million to 3.1 million people in the region became newly infected, and up to 2.3 millions adults and children died of AIDS-related illnesses.

Source: http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/global?page=cr09-00-00

NEED - South Africa’s epidemic also shows no evidence of slowing. Between 4.9 million and 6.1 million people in the country were living with HIV in 2005. Almost 1 in 3 pregnant women at antenatal clinics were found to be HIV-infected in 2004 and trends over time show a gradual increase in HIV prevalence. Factors responsible for the rampant epidemic in South Africa include poverty and social instability that result in family disruption; mobility linked to migratory labor systems; high levels of sexually transmitted infections; the low status of women; sexual violence; and ineffective leadership during critical periods in the spread of HIV.

Source: http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/global?page=cr09-00-00



-- Edited by mre at 15:25, 2007-01-23

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Kyle

Date:
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NEED EVIDENCE (For assisting in reduction of newborn death in Sub-Saharan Africa)

Each year at least 1.16 million newborns die in sub-Saharan Africa within the first 28 days of life, making the region the world’s most dangerous to be born in, yet more than two thirds of these infants could be saved with low cost, low tech action, according to a United Nations-backed report released today.

“It would cost an additional $1.39 per capita per year to provide 90 per cent of women and babies in sub-Saharan Africa with all the essential heath packages,” according to the study, Opportunities for Africa’s newborns, produced by the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (PMNCH).

Overall, the region of the world with the highest newborn death rates is sub-Saharan Africa where 1 out of 5 mothers has lost at least one baby in childbirth, the report said. - State of the World's Mothers Report 2006

In sub-Saharan Africa, life expectancy has gone down from 50 years to 46 years since 1990. The main reason is the high infant death rate (105 deaths in every 1000 births compared with six in every 1000 in the United Kingdom) and the spread of HIV and AIDS. - "What are we doing to tackle world poverty?", Department for International Development

Forty-five per cent of all under-five deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa. - unstats.un.org/unsd/mi/goals_2005/goal_4.pdf



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Justin

Date:
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1.  Affirmative

 2.  Need

3.  "New survey data underscore the disproportionate impact of the AIDS epidemic on women, especially in sub-Saharan Africa where, on average, three women are HIV-infected for every two men.  Among young people (15-24 years), that ratio widens considerably, to three young women for every young man."  UNAIDS, '2006 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic'

"Sub-Saharan Africa is more heavily affected by HIV and AIDS than any other region of the world. An estimated 24.5 million people were living with HIV at the end of 2005 and approximately 2.7 million new infections occurred during that year.  In just the past year the epidemic has claimed the lives of an estimated 2 million people in this region. More than twelve million children have been orphaned by AIDS."  UNAIDS, '2006 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic'

"Until recently the national prevalence rate has remained relatively low in Nigeria, the most populous country in Sub-Saharan Africa. The rate has grown slowly from below 2% in 1993 to 3.9% in 2005."  http://www.avert.org/aafrica.htm

 "An estimated 24.5 million adults and children were living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa at the end of 2005.   During that year, an estimated 2 million people died from AIDS. The epidemic has left behind some 12 million orphaned African children." http://www.avert.org/subaadults.htm

'The HIV/AIDS pandemic remains a global disaster. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) harbours nearly 65% of the estimated 40.3 million people living with HIV/AIDS in the world in 2005. While general awareness about HIV and its causes is almost universal in most of SSA, transmission has not abated."  http://www.amref.org/index.asp?PageID=50&PiaID=2



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heather

Date:
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affirmative

 Need

HIV/AIDS in Africa is not just a health issue or high statistics. It is a barrier to development, halting and reversing decades of progress. Over 6000 people in Africa died today, and every day, of AIDS and related complications. The numbers are staggering. So is their reality.
http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/CIDAWEB/acdicida.nsf/En/NIC-55134013-NQU

[this qoute is stating that thousands of people are dying daily due to HIV/AIDS]

The health sector is a primary building block in development. Fragile or inadequate health systems in many African countries have been stretched to the breaking point. The sick and dying who cannot be treated cannot go back to work, and other family members' time and energy are redirected towards caring for the ill at home. The effects touch every part of life, community and development.
http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/CIDAWEB/acdicida.nsf/En/NIC-55134013-NQU

[this qoute is stating that the health systems are so bad that people have to care for sick family memebers with all there time so they cant go to work to support there family.]

HIV/AIDS is devasting rural economies and food supply, as farmers become too sick to work or must put aside farming to care for dying family members. Malnourished and undernourished children and adults are less able to fight off disease, recover from illness and contribute to productivity.
Women are responsible for half of the world's food production and between 60 percent and 80 percent of the food in most developing countries. Women are also most at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. Furthermore, in a number of countries, women lose their land rights when their husbands die; and this, too, upsets the food supply.
Unstable food supply can cause families to move to other regions. These movements of people have also been a contributing factor to the HIV/AIDS pandemic.
http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/CIDAWEB/acdicida.nsf/En/NIC-55134013-NQU

[this qoute is stating that when people get sick they cant care for there family, women are most likey to get sick and they bring in most of the food supply. Then When the Husband dies the wife loses the land, so now they have no money or food and they are forced to move bring along there illness.]


Sub-Saharan Africa has just over 10% of the world's population, but is home to almost 64% of all HIV infections, with an estimated 21.6 million to 27.4 million people living with HIV-infection. In 2005, an estimated 2.3 million to 3.1 million people in the region became newly infected, and up to 2.3 millions adults and children died of AIDS-related illnesses.
http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/global?page=cr09-00-00

 



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Ally

Date:
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Affirmative.

Inherency.

People are afraid of an increase in national debt. The White House attempted to quell criticism that America is not doing enough to save Africa by announcing that the U.S. would double its economic aid to the continent, from $4.3 billion to $8.6 billion, over the next few years. Neither Congress nor the American people were consulted prior to this pronouncement, I might add. I think the public might not share the administration’s generous mood, especially as we spend billions in Iraq and face single year deficits of $500 billion. Frankly, a federal government with nearly $8 trillion in debt has no business giving money to anybody.

 

What Should America Do For Africa?

by Rep. Ron Paul, MD.

As a result, American aid simply enriches dictators, distorts economies, and props up bad governments. We could send Africa $1 trillion, and the continent still would remain mired in poverty simply because so many of its nations reject property rights, free markets, and the rule of law.

 

People think that Africa should be responsible for their own improvements. The president is promising money we don’t have to solve a problem we didn’t cause. Americans have the freedom to do everything in their power to alleviate African suffering, whether by donating money or working directly in impoverished nations. But government-to-government foreign aid doesn’t work, and it never has.

If anyone needs me to explain i will later. this is what i could find but i have to go now.



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laura

Date:
debate final
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Resolved: Resolved: The United States federal government should substantially increase its public health assistance to Sub-Saharan Africa. Requirements: 1.  Choose either an affirmative or a negative position.  2.  Choose a stock issue (topicality, need, inherency, workability, solvency or advantages/disadvantages).3.  Find and post five pieces of evidence to support one stock issue.  Each quote must be explained as to its context and application by either the affirmative or negative team.4.  Post your findings here.Position: Affirmative Stock Issue: Need 

Evidence:

AIDS is a serious problem and in poor countries, there is an even higher probability that an individual will be infected.

"AIDS has become a threat for the survival of many societies: In some of the poorest countries (especially in sub-Saharan Africa) one out of four adults is infected with the virus."http://www.actupny.org/reports/bcn/BCNspanishmanifesto.html In povershed countries, such as Sub-Saharan Africa, very little of the infected are treated due to lack of medical care. 

"While medical advances have provided a better life quality and reduced the mortality of people affected by the virus in 90% of the industrial world, in the poorest countries (such as sub-Saharan Africa), not even 5% of infected people have access to the medicines that would help them live a longer and more dignified the life span. Only 230.000 people out of the 6 million that need urgent treatment have access to the medicine. Nowadays there are 40 million people infected (whom 2.7 million are children)"

http://www.actupny.org/reports/bcn/BCNspanishmanifesto.html There is a serious problem of HIV/AIDS in South Africa.  It is not slowing down, there is actually an gradual increase in the number of persons infected with the virus.  If the United States, along with other countries take the initiative to help, we would virtually be saving millions of lives annually. "South Africa’s epidemic also shows no evidence of slowing. Between 4.9 million and 6.1 million people in the country were living with HIV in 2005. Almost 1 in 3 pregnant women at antenatal clinics were found to be HIV-infected in 2004 and trends over time show a gradual increase in HIV prevalence. Factors responsible for the rampant epidemic in South Africa include poverty and social instability that result in family disruption; mobility linked to migratory labor systems; high levels of sexually transmitted infections; the low status of women; sexual violence; and ineffective leadership during critical periods in the spread of HIV." http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/global?page=cr09-00-00  HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa Adults age 15-49 with HIV/AIDS, 200522,400,000 New HIV infections, 20062,800,000Adult HIV prevalence (%), 20055.9Women age 15-49 with HIV/AIDS, 200513,300,000 Children with HIV/AIDS, 20052,000,000AIDS orphans (ages 0-17), 200512,000,000AIDS deaths, 20052,100,000nd = No data  Source: UNAIDShttp://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/global?page=cr09-00-00

 HIV/AIDS is not the only problem in sub-Saharan Africa.  Due to poor medical assistance, the life expectancy is substantially lower than those in more developed countries.

"Life expectancy in sub-Saharan Africa barely reaches 48 years. This is 30 years less than in the developed countries."http://afrocubaweb.com/cubaninafrica.htm

As a result to lack of  medical care and assistance, there is also a much higher rate of maternal deaths than in other countries.

"In terms of the maternal death rate, 99.5% of all such deaths occur in the Third World Countries. The risk of maternal death in Europe is one per 1,400 births; in Africa it is one per 16. The general mortality rate is similar."

http://afrocubaweb.com/cubaninafrica.htm

There is a serious need to change the health assistance in poor countries such as sub-Saharan Africa because the medical assistance is not there, and people are dying in result to PREVENTABLE DISEASES.  These Third World Countries simply lack the medical supply.

"More than 11 million under-fives die every year in the Third World Countries as a result of preventable diseases in the overwhelming majority of cases: more than 30,000 every day, 21 every minute. While we are talking here, 100 are dying."http://afrocubaweb.com/cubaninafrica.htm

Countries such as sub-Saharan Africa are in great need of help.  Currently, they not only do not have the medications to help treat persons infected with HIV/AIDS, but they also lack the infrastructrue to distribute and administer them. 

"Many people have also talked here on the issue of AIDS. I had the impression some months ago, at the meeting in Durban, that the tragedy of AIDS in Africa had been discovered by the West, and at that conference, as was widely reported by the news agencies, there was talk of how to reduce the cost of medical care for persons infected with AIDS and keep them alive. We all know that the cost is $10,000 USD per infected person. It was affirmed there by representatives from the Western nations, European countries in general, that cost-saving formulas had to be sought. Everyone knows that it costs close to $1,000 USD per person with AIDS to produce those medicaments and, starting from a perfect formula and a perfect ****tail, that amount could be greatly reduced. But more than a few African representatives expressed a hard reality: that even if they were donated the medicaments, they lacked the infrastructure to distribute and administer them."

http://afrocubaweb.com/cubaninafrica.htm If nobody takes the initiative to help out poor countires, the number of orphans will rapidly increase, which would be a huge problem.  Currently, more and more children are becomming orphans due to their parents dying of diseases.  This scenario could be prevented through providing better medical assistance in countries who are in need. "We don't have to wait for millions of children to die; a good proportion of the 25 million persons infected could survive, thus averting growing numbers of orphans, already close to 12 million, a figure which, in another few years, will increase to 40 million, a Dantean tragedy!"http://afrocubaweb.com/cubaninafrica.htm  HIV/AIDS is not the only major problem in poor countries such as sub-Saharan Africa, other dangerous viruses such as malaria and tuberculosis are also very common in these poor countries.  "What is taking place in the world is worse than warfare. In Africa one million people die from malaria every year while 300-500 million are infected; moreover, two million people die of AIDS, and for every two who die, four to five are infected-we know there have not been sufficient advances as yet for a vaccine and it's not known when that's going to materialize-and three million die of tuberculosis."http://afrocubaweb.com/cubaninafrica.htm "Malaria is a vector-borne infectious disease that is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions. It infects between 300 and 500 million people every year and causes between one and three million deaths annually, mostly among young children in Sub-Saharan Africa. Malaria is not just a disease commonly associated with poverty, but is also a cause of poverty and a major hindrance to economic development."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaria "Plasmodium is a genus of parasitic protozoa. Infection with this genus is known as malaria. The parasite always has two hosts in its life cycle: a mosquito vector and a vertebrate host. At least ten species infect humans."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmodium "Malaria parasites are transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes. The parasites multiply within red blood cells, causing symptoms that include symptoms of anemia (light headedness, shortness of breath, tachycardia etc.), as well as other general symptoms such as fever, chills, flu-like illness, and in severe cases, coma and death. Malaria transmission can be reduced by preventing mosquito bites with mosquito nets and insect repellents, or by mosquito control by spraying insecticides inside houses and draining standing water where mosquitoes lay their eggs.Unfortunately, no vaccine is currently available for malaria. Instead preventative drugs must be taken continuously to reduce the risk of infection. "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaria

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Nicole.

Date:
RE: 2007-2008 High School Debate Resolution
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Resolved: The United States federal government should substantially increase its public health assistance to Sub-Saharan Africa   Affirmative.   NEED:   <> 1. "Sub-Saharan Africa has just over 10% of the world’s population, but is home to more than 60% of all people living with HIV—25.8 million. In 2005, an estimated 3.2 million people in the region became newly infected, while 2.4 million adults and children died of AIDS. Among young people aged 15–24 years, an estimated 4.6% [4.2–5.5%] of women and 1.7% [1.3–2.2%] of men were living with HIV in 2005."   http://www.unaids.org/en/Regions_Countries/Regions/SubSaharanAfrica.asp 25.8 million people are dying of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa. 60% of their population is going through this tradegy. Sub-Saharan Africa makes up 10% of the world's population.        2. "Most regions in sub-Saharan Africa continue to need some food assistance, but the situation is worst in southern Africa, where about 12 million people need immediate emergency food following a poor cereal harvest earlier this year, according to a report issued today by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). "   http://www.fao.org/newsroom/en/news/2005/107852/index.html There isn't enough food in Sub-Saharan Africa. Millions of people need food immediately. Without food, a person becomes malnourished. Without the proper nutrience a person is more vulnerable to get sick without illnesses.      3. "East African Sleeping Sickness. East African sleeping sickness is an acute disease that typically leads to death within weeks or months if not treated." We need to stop the cause for this sleeping sickness. As this quote states- "death within weeks or months if not treated" this does not give the person too much time to be treated. By the time they figure out they have the illness, it could be too late.       4. (African trypanosomiasis and Sleeping Sickness) "Both diseases are transmitted by tsetse flies (one third of the population of Africa lives in tsetse fly-infested areas). Sleeping sickness newly infects about 20,000 to 25,000 people each year and causes about 55,000 deaths each year"   http://www.bc.edu/schools/cas/biology/research/insect/tsetse/ The tsetse flies are carrying a disease which infects 20,000 to 25,000 people annually. This causes about 55,000 each year. One third of the population in Africa lives in an area where this fly can be found.    <>5. "Between 1994 and 1996, malaria epidemics in 14 countries of Sub-Saharan Africa caused an unacceptably high number of deaths, many in areas previously free of the disease.  Adolescents and young adults are now dying of severe forms of the disease. " http://www.ifrc.org/WHAT/health/archi/fact/fmalar.htm  Malaria has spread to places that is was never found before. It created an epidemic which took the lives of many people.
           


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Storey

Date:
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AFFIRMATIVE

Need: Sub-Saharan Africa has just over 10% of the world's population, but is home to almost 64% of all HIV infections, with an estimated 21.6 million to 27.4 million people living with HIV-infection. In 2005, an estimated 2.3 million to 3.1 million people in the region became newly infected, and up to 2.3 millions adults and children died of AIDS-related illnesses. (http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/global?page=cr09-00-00, "Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic", UNAIDS, May, 2006)

This quote explains that because of the poverty that has hit the Sub-Saharan areas of Africa, the AIDS/HIV epidemic has spread dramatically. The SSA area has clearly been hit the hardest by this epidemic and is in serious need for the help of nations worldwide. The numbers of people dying, affected, or potentially at a higher risk is astronomical. Millions of people died from this disease within the alst year. The SSA region has proven itself unable to deal with this epidemic alone, the international community NEEDS to help before this epidemic becomes uncontrolable.

Southern Africa remains the most heavily affected region within sub-Saharan Africa. In a number of countries in the region, the spread of the virus into the general population has exceeded what was previously considered possible. (http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/global?page=cr09-00-00, "Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic", UNAIDS, May, 2006)

"Has exceeded what was preciously considered possible" explains this situation perfectly. The AIDS/HIV epidemic is out of control. It has stopped just spreading throughout the people considered to be at a higher risk but is now spreading to the general public becuase of the unsterile conditions of the impoverished region of the SSA.

Inherency:A study in Nigeria found that 44% of patients took their drugs intermittently or in insufficient dosages because they could not afford to pay fees of up to $67 per month.5 Such conditions greatly increase the risk of HIV developing drug resistance. (http://www.avert.org/drugtreatment.htm)

With the poverty that Africa is facing, the victims of HIV/AIDS are unable to accept treatment becuase of the cost. With this unstable consuption of prescriptions, the victims are becoming even more vulnerable. This in turn is creating a completely new issue. With the United States' finacial assistance, and the assistance of public health officials, this empidemic could be drastically slowed down.

NEGATIVE
Need: In parts of East and Central Africa, some countries show signs of declining or stabilizing HIV prevalence rates. HIV prevalence among pregnant women in the region ranges from approximately 2% in Eritrea to 7% in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania. Burundi and Uganda report stabilizing epidemics, and HIV prevalence among pregnant women in Kenya has been declining, especially in urban areas. (http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/global?page=cr09-00-00, "Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic", UNAIDS, May, 2006)

With this proof there is no need to send help to the SSA region as the decline of HIV/AIDS is already declining. IF the African government and health officials are already able to prevent some of the cases of HIV/AIDS than international help is pointless.

Workability:South Africa’s epidemic also shows no evidence of slowing. Between 4.9 million and 6.1 million people in the country were living with HIV in 2005. Almost 1 in 3 pregnant women at antenatal clinics were found to be HIV-infected in 2004 and trends over time show a gradual increase in HIV prevalence. (http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/global?page=cr09-00-00, "Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic", UNAIDS, May, 2006)

From this quote we can conclued that sending help to the Global AIDS/HIV epidemic is useless. There is no sign of the disease stopping any time soon, therefore it would be a waste of time and money of the United States people.

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mre

Date:
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Resolved: The United States federal government should substantially increase its public health assistance to Sub-Saharan Africa.

There is perhaps no issue more timely and critical than the status of people living in poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa. While world attention has once again focused on this crisis, attention has not translated to sufficient action. Despite the promise of the G-8 to end African poverty, the World Development Movement calls the current solutions “a disaster for the world’s poor.” The public health problem in Africa is an essential topic, with current research and a wide array of potential solutions for both affirmatives and negatives to consider. Potential affirmatives on this topic include access to education and pharmaceuticals for AIDS, public health education of women and direct aid, and nutritional information — since it relates to public health. Negative ground will be preserved with a strong array of specific and broadly applicable arguments, including whether the United States is the best agent to engage with Sub-Saharan Africa as opposed to, for example, other African nations or the European Union or Asia.  There are critique-based arguments of development, and the idea of colonialism.  And there are a myriad of economic and international cooperation arguments and disadvantages.  The resolution is confined by public health initiatives, since that encompasses much of the education and nutrition ground on which last year’s potential topic was focused.  Given the important dimension of this problem for this and generations to come, there is no better topic for the brightest of our students to tackle. Debating this topic would provide students a unique opportunity to advocate solutions for people too often ignored in our policy discussions and debates, and give Africa the significance it deserves.



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mre

Date:
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This is the gold mine of websites on Africa and public health assistance from the US government's position:  http://www.usaid.gov/locations/sub-saharan_africa/



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