Industrialization Computer Lab Assignment - Mr. E's Forum: 2006-2007

Date: Jan 18, 2007

RE: Industrialization Computer Lab Assignment

Date: Jan 19, 2007

I forgot my works cited

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Exclusion_Act_of_1882

http://sun.menloschool.org/~mbrody/ushistory/angel/exclusion_act/

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Makeda wrote:
The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed on May 6 1882. It put a ban on immigrants from china to the United states. This act was a result of new laws passed by congress to stop immigration. The Exclusion Act restricted Chinese from coming to the U.S for ten years. Congress passed this act because of the thousands of Chinese that came to America, first in 1849 for the California Gold rush. Then in the 1860’s for the building of the Central Pacific Railroad and the Transcontinental Railroad. Between 1851-1860, 41,400 Chinese immigrated to America, followed by 64,301 between 1861 and 1870.
Many hoped to gain a better life, but instead were treated very badly, despite the fact that most of the work being done on the railroads was by them. Attitudes towards Chinese worsened when gold was no longer in abundance. Many Americans claimed that American gold should be only offered to Americans.
Although the Chinese Exclusion act was only for ten years it was renewed twice. First, in 1892, then again in 1902 ,but this time with no set date. The Exclusion act was made part of the United States Code and it was the first act to be passed by Congress against a specific ethnicity.

This was an interesting topic choice, Makeda. Racism against Asians isn't something I hear too much about, so to think about that fact alone was a bit of a 'mind stretcher' for me. (Forgive me for being so naive.)
Also, the thought of banning immigration is an especially relevant topic to consider here and now considering the illegal immigration and other issues flying around. I wonder if such a ban could exist in today's political environment...

Anywho, very nice job!

peace

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Jessica, why did Americans look down on immigrants?

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Krystal wrote....

John D. Rockefeller was a philanthropist, which means that he devoted his time and money to a charitable cause. His philosophy on life was to make as much money as he could, and then use it to help people. He helped found the Standard Oil company in 1870, and then within 40 years, he became the richest man in the world. The company became the most profitable company in the world.

He supported church institutions, and he gave ten percent of his checks to his parish. He made the Rockefeller Sanitary Commission which demolished yellow fever and hookworm. He was also very generous to children, and gave them money when he saw them on the streets. In 1913, the Rockefeller Foundation was created to help medical issues and training, along with the arts. Two of his ambitions were to make $100,000 and to live to be 100 years old. He passed away on May 23, 1937, about two years before hitting 100.

Krystal, your essay about Rockefeller is very informative. I didn't know that he supported churches and handed out money to kids in the streets.

Date: Jan 19, 2007

mr e, you said this morning if we do a powerpoint for extra credit... we could post it here in the forum right? I did my powerpoint but i don't know how to post it. I can't put it on a floppy disk either because i have a laptop.

Over the weekend i might be able to buy one of those gaggets that work like a floppy disk ... except u plug them into a laptop. But i would have to bring it in monday.

Date: Jan 19, 2007

kathryn wrote:
mr e, you said this morning if we do a powerpoint for extra credit... we could post it here in the forum right? I did my powerpoint but i don't know how to post it. I can't put it on a floppy disk either because i have a laptop.
Over the weekend i might be able to buy one of those gaggets that work like a floppy disk ... except u plug them into a laptop. But i would have to bring it in monday.

EMail it to yourself and then we can save it to my flash drive in school, ok?

Date: Jan 19, 2007

to kathryn :

ü I chose the greatly increasing immigrant population in America.

From 1830-1924 America’s immigrant population was increasing rapidly. During the mid-19th century, many people were migrating to America to acquire their own land. At the time land was still abundant and moderately cheap, therefore, people were offered their own property for farming.

Do you think the same reason that immigrants come into our country today is because our land is cheap? How has their reasons differed over the years? Is the immigrant population greater or about the same since the 19th century?

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Makeda, good job. I didn't even know there was a Chinese Exclusion Act. I have one question though: Were there any other exclusion acts for other ethnicities of immigrants, or was this the only one, which dealt with Chinese?

Date: Jan 19, 2007

I guess i never realized the signigicance of the transcontinental railroad and its replacement of the canal, like an upgrade. Its use in transportation and trade has revolutionized instrustrial america.

What do you think America would have been like without the railroad convenience.

-kels

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Reply to Curt

I believe that the Chienese and Japanese deserve to be citizens. If they came to the country legally then they deserve to be here. They helped build one of our country's most lucrative businesses yet they weren't allowed to live here. That is wrong. Also, did you know that San Fransico has the largest Chinatown in America, followed by New York then Boston.

Date: Jan 19, 2007

The Panic of 1893 was caused in part by many economic factors of the time. This panic was the worst economic crisis to hit the country up until this point. The most common blame is placed on the shortage of the gold supply. Many people tried to redeem silver notes for gold up until the gold supply reached a minimum. While the gold supply was gone, large companies began to continue on usuing bonds with no reinforcing value to them. Also, the Philidelphia and Reading Railroads went bankrupt. This put many investors in financial distress. Following these problems, many bank failures followed, and the price of silver fell. This crisis took a toll on everyone in the country because as the economy fell through, jobs became scarce and workers were being layed off.

Date: Jan 19, 2007

1. After the Civil War, railroad mileage increased more than fivehold in a 35 year period.

2. Samuel F.B. Morse invented the first workable telegraph in 1844.

3. Department stores become popular by R.H. Macy and Marshall Field.

4. Great Railroad strike of 1877 shut down 2/3 of the rail trackage. Other industries also began to strike.

5. Labor Unions were formed to protect laborers rights.

6. John D. Rockefeller controlled most of the countries oil refineries.

7. Steel was formed through the Bessemer Process which is blasting air through molten iron.

8. Political bosses like Boss Tweed corrupted the local governments and made millions of dollars by granting kickbacks and putting his friends in office.

9. Skyscrapers were built because they saved ground space in city by working upwards.

10. Organized sports became popular.

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Ten Facts Industrialization and Labor Unions

The U.S was known to be a house of natural resources including raw materials essential to industrialization.
The development of the nationwide railroad network had the greatest impact of American economic life more than any other technological innovation or industrial achievement in the 19th century.
The technological breakthrough that launched the rise of heavy industry was the discovery of a new process of producing large quantities of steel
An economist named Adam Smith argued in a book called the Wealth of Nations that business should be regulated by an invisible hand ( impersonal economic forces) and not buy the government
The growth of American industry raised the standard of living for most people, but it also created a sharper economic and class divisions among the rich, the middle class and the poor.
Thomas Edison was the greatest inventor of the 19th century
Striking workers battling police and state militia were common; they believed a open class warfare was going to occur between capital and labor.
Wages were determined by the laws of supply and demand , all Americans worked for wages usually at jobs like ten hours a day six days a week.
National labor union was founded in 1866 which attempted to organize all workers
Unions would not achieve major success until the early decades of the 20th century.

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Ten Facts

1) By 1880 a million tons of steel was being produced, 25 million by 1910

2) In 1889 records show 22,000 railroad workers were injured or killed in that year

3) There was 5 and a half million immigrants in the 1880’s

4) 1877 the Supreme Court decision, Munn v Illinois approved state laws regulating the prices charged to farmers for the use of grain elevators

5) Grover Cleveland was appointed president for the second time in 1892

6) From 1881 to 1885, strikes had occurred about 500 each year

7) About 150,000 workers participated in strikes each year

8) About 14 million people lived in New York in 1910

9) The Socialist Labor party was formed in 1877

10) The Homestead Act was discussed in Congress in 1860

Topic

Portuguese immigrants in the 1880’s

Essay

America is a very diverse country. Many people have immigrated to the United States. 1880’s were a very popular time for immigrants. One of the many different cultures that came to America was the Portuguese. The first documented Portuguese settler was in 1634 arriving in Maryland. It was in the 1870’s and 1880’s that a sizable amount of Portuguese came to America. Their journey often took them to Brazil and Holland before coming to the United States. Between 1870 and 1910, the Portuguese population grew 5.6% per year in America. By 1910, there were about 78,000 Portuguese immigrants in the US.

The three most popular locations for the Portuguese were California, New England, and Hawaii. Hawaii and California often reminded them of their country because of the warm temperatures. New England is the closest part of America to Portugal. The people that immigrated to Hawaii often were involved with the sugar cane exploration. The Portuguese in New England enjoyed the fishing and whaling industries. The Portuguese in California were drawn in to the gold in California. By 1880, 60% of the Portuguese immigrants lived in California and often worked on farms. The Portuguese on the East Coast lived mainly in the New Bedford and Fall River area in Massachusetts. In the 1870’s, Portuguese was the seventh largest group of immigrants in the United States. About 101,710 immigrants came to America per year. Since then, the number has definitely decreased. In the 1990’s and 2000’s, there was a decline of about 20,436 Portuguese a year. This could be because of 7/11 and war with Iraq. America toughened up its borders and even sent people back to Portugal.

There might not be as many Portuguese in America now, but there is still a good amount. There is also a good amount of second generation Portuguese. The language has definitely progressed and spread throughout America, especially in Massachusetts.

http://www.ldldproject.net/cultures/portugal/index.html

Date: Jan 19, 2007

• Introduction of the steel industry to America • Railroad truck tracks and transcontinental lines are created • Rockefeller opens oil business that controls 90% of oil refinery in America • Edison contributes to the world’s first modern research laboratory, engineers now worked as a team as opposed to solitary. • Edison invents the phonograph, incandescent light bulb, and the motion picture camera • An expanding middle class • Skyscrapers and bridges are introduced • New immigration causes major influx of Roman Catholics • As cities expanded a growing demand for music entertainment orchestras and other musical occupations begin to open • Spectator sports such as boxing basketball, and baseball are enthused Thanks to the founder of Bessemer’s steel, William Kelly of the United States, America now had the resources worthy of building up to the First Billion-Dollar company in the world. It all started with a poor Scottish boy who changed his life around turning into a millionaire using a combination of excelling in the railroad business and establishing the first organization of Steel brought to America. Andrew Carnegie was probably noted as one of the most improved cases of class of his time. His contribution to the American Steel industry would affect America for years to come. The new company brought great success and would influence great changes to the American society. Railroads would be reinforced to a dependable standard, Bridges could’ve built with more durability, and Skyscrapers would see heights that would’ve been deemed possible before the implementation of steel in society. Later on Carnegie did sell his company over to J.P. Morgan, a competitor in the steel industry, for nearly .5 billion dollars. The money was used completely be given out to the community through philanthropic purposes like establishing libraries, funding schools, etc., it left behind a legacy of a hard working man. Like already stated, this agreement would bring to life one of America’s successful industries of its time. U.S. Steel was responsible for 67% of steel produced in the United States. The U.S. would alone produce over one-third of steel resource used around the world. That’s more than Germany and England combined. U.S. Steel also opened up many job opportunities in America because, as Carnegie Steel did, they followed a process of vertical integration. Basically, all this meant was that the company would control every step to marketing the steel from the mines to the shelf. Needless to say it also brought incredible wealth, capitalized as a 1.4 billion dollar corporation. Interestingly, the Steelers are named after US steel from Andrew’s first location, Pittsburg. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/carnegie/peopleevents/pande01.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Steel The American Pageant 13th edition, p.540-541 by Thomas A. Bailey

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919), a Scottish-American was the founder of Carnegie Steel Company, which later became U.S. Steel. He had built one of the most powerful and influential corporations in United States history, which made him one of the richest men in the United States. Carnegie had invested in railroads, railroad sleeping cars, bridges, oil derricks, but steel is where he found his fortune. He entered the iron trade, and found out later how useful and profitable steel was, and became a pioneer in the industry. He was one of the wealthiest men in the world because of his steel corporation Later in his life, he gave away most of his riches to schools, libraries, and universities to fund their establishment in Scotland, America, and worldwide. Carnegie Libraries, Carnegie Institute of Technology and Carnegie Institute are examples of places which he had funded. After World War I broke out, Carnegie went through a crisis of faith in his positivist views and secluded himself to his home in Lenox, Massachusetts, where he died on Augus 11, 1919. He was buried in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery in Sleepy Hollow, New York.

carnegie mansion in New York

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Julia Greene wrote:
            More and more states were winning partial suffrage for women. In 1900, Wisconsin had attained that right. Before this time, at least 20 other states had won their partial suffrage as well. It wasn’t until 1920 that women were legally able to vote. This was thanks to the ratification of the 19th Amendment. After this, the Equal Rights Amendment was introduced to Congress in 1923.

Julia, the Equal Rights Amendment is important to the fight for equal rights for women. It would be cool if you could elaborate more on it like, what it is and how mqany states have ratified it so far.

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Brittney Howell10 facts (continued) The Rise of Smokestack America 2) Describe ten facts (or statistics, events, individuals, issues, etc.) that represent some of the main ideas of your reading. 5. After this process was put into use the price of steel went from $100 a ton to $12 a ton by 1900. 6. During 1869 almost half of the nation’s industrial power came from water. 7. By 1878 Thomas Edison had developed the ticker tape which was used to send information from the stock exchange to investors’ offices and a telegraph capable of transmitting four messages along wires. 8. The railroad system cost more than $1 billion by 1859, and the canal system was less than $2 million. 9. As manufactures went from water to steam power cities of all sizes grew between 1870 and 1900. 10. Between the years 1800 and 1980 a period of almost 200 years the birthrate dropped. By 1860 the average size of an American family was 5.3 member which compares to 5.8 in 1800.

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Ten Main Things in “The Rise of Smokestack America” Section:

The huge difference between the rich and the poor.
The rise of big business and factories taking over for agriculture.
New technological inventions that further pushed industry to a new heights.
Speedy transportation along railroads was fought for all over the country and desired all over the country.
Textile, metal, and machinery were just as big industries as railroads.
Huge amounts of money were needed to make all of these changes.
American (along with German) industry began to take over from Great Britain as the leading economic country in the nineteenth century.
Pollution of the air, soil, and water was a huge factor in the nineteenth century, so much so that actual cities had nothing growing in them.
The overall American population grew about 2% a year, while cities grew even faster.
40 million new immigrants came to America between 1815 and 1915 and drastically added to the industrial period of American history.

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Melanie <3 wrote:
  Topic
Portuguese immigrants in the 1880’s
Essay
America is a very diverse country. Many people have immigrated to the United States. 1880’s were a very popular time for immigrants. One of the many different cultures that came to America was the Portuguese. The first documented Portuguese settler was in 1634 arriving in Maryland. It was in the 1870’s and 1880’s that a sizable amount of Portuguese came to America. Their journey often took them to Brazil and Holland before coming to the United States. Between 1870 and 1910, the Portuguese population grew 5.6% per year in America. By 1910, there were about 78,000 Portuguese immigrants in the US.
      The three most popular locations for the Portuguese were California, New England, and Hawaii. Hawaii and California often reminded them of their country because of the warm temperatures. New England is the closest part of America to Portugal. The people that immigrated to Hawaii often were involved with the sugar cane exploration. The Portuguese in New England enjoyed the fishing and whaling industries. The Portuguese in California were drawn in to the gold in California. By 1880, 60% of the Portuguese immigrants lived in California and often worked on farms. The Portuguese on the East Coast lived mainly in the New Bedford and Fall River area in Massachusetts. In the 1870’s, Portuguese was the seventh largest group of immigrants in the United States. About 101,710 immigrants came to America per year. Since then, the number has definitely decreased. In the 1990’s and 2000’s, there was a decline of about 20,436 Portuguese a year. This could be because of 7/11 and war with Iraq. America toughened up its borders and even sent people back to Portugal.
      There might not be as many Portuguese in America now, but there is still a good amount. There is also a good amount of second generation Portuguese. The language has definitely progressed and spread throughout America, especially in Massachusetts.

http://www.ldldproject.net/cultures/portugal/index.html

Nice Job,I kind of missed the whole aceptance of hawaii as a state and i had no idea porteguese were prosperous in other pars of the us. i thought it was only in new england with the Cape verdeans because of the fishing industry. Also do you think gold was really a primary reason portuguese immigrated and if so do you think more gold would causes another influx

i know it's a horrible question its my off day! i'm entitled to one... right?

Date: Jan 19, 2007

1. Immigrants who moved into the U.S. created different social and wealth classes among the American population.

2. Just before the turn of the 20th century the open hearth and Bessemer process revolutionized the steel industry. Steel became stronger and less expensive, ideal for railroads, bridges, and buildings.

3. By 1880 Thomas Edison had invented a workable safe light bulb.

4. The first transcontinental railroad was built in 1893 without federal funding by James Hill.

5. Andrew Carnegie and John Rockefeller were both “robber barons” who took control of both of their markets (railroad/steel and oil)

6. In thirty years New York and Philadelphia doubled and even tripled in population (1870-1990).

7. President Grover Cleveland and Benjamin Harrison set aside forest reserves to preserve wildlife because of the pollution which was emanating from industrial growth and the expansion of cities.

8. In 1873 Congress passed a law curtailing Asian female immigration on moral grounds.

9. By 1900 36% of urban families owned homes.

10. The Holy Order of The Knights of Labor became public around 1879. This organization was much like a Union open to all working class Americans.

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Brittney Howell 3) Choose one topic from their reading to research. This topic may reflect on any of the issues, events or individuals related to industrialization, immigration, urbanization, labor, unions, or class division. Andrew Carnegie was a Scottish-American business man. He was also a philanthropist, he was known for later in his life giving away most of his riches to fund the establishment of libraries, school, and universities in Scotland, America and also worldwide. Carnegie was the founder of the Carnegie Steel Company which later was named U.S. Steel. His fortune began when he first decided to invest in railroads, railroad sleeping cars, as well as bridges and oil derricks. After planning to retire from the business world and instead help those in need. He then decided to hold off on his retirement and invest in the steel industry. He became one of the wealthiest men in the world because of his investment of steel. He was known as one of the “Captains of Industry”.

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Andrew Carnegie

Andrew Carnegie was one of the most power business owners during industrialization. He was a smart business man and when he was 20 years old he invest most of his money in sleeping wagons for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company and then reinvested his money in the industries that were directly related to railroads so always hade a profitable investment. Even though Carnegie had his nose in many industries, his biggest money maker was the steel industry Carnegie Steel was the most extensive iron and steel operation ever owned in the United States by an individual. Andrew Carnegie sold Carnegie Steel to J. P. Morgan in 1901 who renamed the company United States Steel Corporation. When he retired, Carnegie donated most of his money to cities to build new buildings and such. In the peak of his career he was the second richest man only to Andrew Carnegie.

Date: Jan 19, 2007

The Rise of Smokestack America

Manufacturing replaced agriculture as the leading source of economic growth between 1860 and 1900. Most American jobs were non-agricultural.
By 1900, three times as many goods per person existed in 1860.
The opening of new anthracite deposits cut the cost of coal while the American industry converted to steam. Around the mid 1900s electricity began to replace steam.
John D. Rockefellar used the strategy of horizontal integration to gain control of the oil market. The company of Standard Oil of New Jersey was refining 84 percent of the nation’s oil by 1898.
The industrial-age cause widespread pollution , smoke, soot, and ashes were released into the air from factories and coal tar polluted the soil.
Cheaper, faster, and better transportation lead to the flock of people to urban cities. Immigration also increased because of modernization of European economies such as agricultural techniques.
Those who lived in cities during this era were separated by class, income, occupation, and race. Working class families and immigrant families made up most of the cities’ populations.
In the late 19th century middle-class women began to gain new freedoms and developed organizations such as reform and awareness groups. Employment in factories also opened up in the 1890s for middle-class women.
Immigrants made up 20 percent of the labor force and more than 40 percent of laborers in the manufacturing and extractive industries.
Industrial life became unfair for most workers of the late 19th century. Owners reaped most of the gain while workers had to bear unsatisfactory working conditions and poor treatment from their bosses.

i'll be posting my essay shortly.

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Jillian wrote:
The Panic of 1893 was caused in part by many economic factors of the time. This panic was the worst economic crisis to hit the country up until this point. The most common blame is placed on the shortage of the gold supply. Many people tried to redeem silver notes for gold up until the gold supply reached a minimum. While the gold supply was gone, large companies began to continue on usuing bonds with no reinforcing value to them. Also, the Philidelphia and Reading Railroads went bankrupt. This put many investors in financial distress. Following these problems, many bank failures followed, and the price of silver fell. This crisis took a toll on everyone in the country because as the economy fell through, jobs became scarce and workers were being layed off.
Jillian Hudon, i like post, short and to the point. thack you for clarifying the Panic of 1873.

Date: Jan 19, 2007

The Rise of Smokestack America

Facts:

1. Thomas O’Donnell a married Irish immigrant who was working as a textile worker in Fall River.

2. In 1914 there were 2 million Jews who made the journey from Russia with most going to the United States.

3. In 1861 agriculture was the leading source of economic growth for the country.

4. Steel prices dropped over a 20 year span from $106.75 to $31.75, as shown below.

1870 - $106.75

1880 - $67.50

1890 - $31.75

5. Strikes at the work place were replacing neighborhood riots during 1845 and the Civil War.

6. In the 1900’s steam engines were producing 80% of the nation’s industrial energy supply.

7. By 1890 there was 165,000 miles of tracks laid down for railroads.

8. Two-Thirds of the manufactured products made between 1870 and 1930 were produced by Great Britain, Germany, and the United States.

9. In the year 1900 the population of urban dwellers was a steady 40% of Americans.

10. Between 1815 and 1915 there were 40 million people that went from Europe to the United States, and another 20 miAllion went to Canada and Latin America.

11. Pools were established which were informal agreements that set uniform rates or divided up the traffic.

12. John D. Rockefeller’s company in 1898 was refining 84% of the nation’s oil.

13. 1850 cities could expand outward about 4 more miles from a city because of new transportation.

14. After 1880 more cities expanded.

15. A large amount of Germans and Poles settles on the cities east side.

16. Urban death rates were high due to unsanitary living conditions inside and outside of the home.

17. 1900 in New York the average amount of children for middle-class families and laboring families were different

Middle class families – 3.5 children as an average.

Laboring families - 5.7 children as an average.

18. In the 1890s the following products were produced or invented for the first time and are still commonly found on shelves today:

Jell – O

Wesson Oil

Hershey Bar

Aunt Jemima pancake mix

Coca-Cola

19. Between the years 1865-1890 the middle-classes income increased by 30%.

20. In 1900 there were 36% of urban families that owned their own homes.

Date: Jan 19, 2007

The Knights of Labor Union

The Knights of Labor Union was founded in 1869 by a man name Uriah Stevens. The organization was open to all Americans. They grouped workers by industry regardless of trade and skill level, unlike most other unions. The Knights of Labor Union excluded bankers, lawyers, stockholders, gamblers, and liquor manufactures because they were considered unproductive members of society. The Union itself was considered all inclusive because women and blacks (after 1882) could also join the Union. Originally a fraternal organization, after the collapse of the National Labor Union in 1873 the Knights of labor became more public.

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Topic: Jane Addams Jane Addams was born in Illinois on September 6, 1860 born into a family with five other siblings. When Jane was two years old her mother died, shortly after her mother’s death her father remarried and gave their already big family two more brothers. Jane traveled to Europe and on her second trip she visited Toynbee Hall, not knowing that she would end up founding a settlement house herself. In 1889 Jane and Ellen Gates Starr co-founded the Hull House in Chicago Illinois. This house was one of the first settlement houses in the U.S. and had many purposes. The Hull House offered the following things:
Night school for adultsKindergarten classesClubsA public kitchenArt galleryCoffeehouseGymnasiumGirls clubSwimming poolA book binderyA music schoolDrama groupLibraryLabor-related divisionsWomen’s sociological institution
In 1893 Jane co-authored the Hull-House Maps and Papers, this book showed people the interests of the school. She also worked with social reformers and others with issues such as women’s rights; she helped put an end to child-labor. She was also a mediator in strikes such as the 1910 Garment Workers’ Strike. Jane was well known as being a social worker, sociologist, philosopher, and reformer; she also was the first American women to win the Nobel Peace Prize. After making an outstanding amount of accomplishments she passed away on May 21, 1935 and was buried in Cedarville which was her childhood home. http://www.uic.edu/jaddams/hull/ja_bio.htmlhttp://www.lkwdpl.org/wihohio/adda-jan.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Addams

Date: Jan 19, 2007

CRYSTAL wrote:
Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919), a Scottish-American was the founder of Carnegie Steel Company, which later became U.S. Steel. He had built one of the most powerful and influential corporations in United States history, which made him one of the richest men in the United States. Carnegie had invested in railroads, railroad sleeping cars, bridges, oil derricks, but steel is where he found his fortune. He entered the iron trade, and found out later how useful and profitable steel was, and became a pioneer in the industry. He was one of the wealthiest men in the world because of his steel corporation Later in his life, he gave away most of his riches to schools, libraries, and universities to fund their establishment in Scotland, America, and worldwide. Carnegie Libraries, Carnegie Institute of Technology and Carnegie Institute are examples of places which he had funded. After World War I broke out, Carnegie went through a crisis of faith in his positivist views and secluded himself to his home in Lenox, Massachusetts, where he died on Augus 11, 1919. He was buried in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery in Sleepy Hollow, New York.

carnegie mansion in New York
oh and P.S. i just HAVE to add this:
did you know:

in 1838, Andrew Carnegie tried to give the Philippines its Independence from Spain. As the end of the Spanish American War, the U.S. bought the Philippines from Spain for $20 million. To counter imperialism on the U.S. part, Carnegie personally offered $20 million to the Philippines so that the Filipino people could buy their independence from Spain. But nothing happened from this offer, and the Philippine-American war was the effect.

citations i forgot to add to previous post:
wikipedia.org
pbs.org

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Emma Goldman was born June 27, 1869 in Lithuania and is well known for her anarchist ideals. She came to America when she was seventeen years old and heavily influenced American anarchist philosophy. She believed in violent political revolution and assassination of political leaders as a way of achieving social and political change. When the Homestead Strike broke out in 1892, she and her lover Alexander Berkman decided that the only way for the conflict to be resolved was to assassinate the factory’s manager, Henry Frick. Goldman herself was never actually charged with involvement in the crime, but Berkman was imprisoned for fourteen years convicted of attempted murder for breaking into Frick’s office, shooting him three times, twice in the neck, and stabbing him in the leg four times. Although Goldman was never convicted of conspiracy in the crime, it was widely known that she had supported Berkman’s attempts. Berkman and Goldman’s beliefs were inspired by the work of Johann Most, who, like them, believed in assassination as a means of political change. Johann Most, however, criticized them, saying that their attempts only brought sympathy to Frick. These remarks outraged Goldman and she demanded that Most retract his statements. When he refused, she went to one of his lectures with a horsewhip and he refused to speak to her and she whipped him across the face with the horsewhip and broke it on his knees, throwing the pieces at him before she left. She was arrested four times, the first time being for ‘inciting a riot,’ she instructed unemployed workers to demand work and bread and if those were not given, to ‘take the bread.’ The second time she was arrested, she was believed to be involved in the conspiracy to assassinate President McKinley and the third time was for distributing literature birth control. The fourth time that she was arrested and imprisoned she was believed to be conspiring to ‘obstruct the draft.’ She was deported to Russia in 1919 and became involved in the Spanish Civil War later in 1936. Goldman died of a stroke in 1940 in Toronto and was buried in the United States, her tombstone read, "Liberty will not descend to a people, a people must raise themselves to Liberty."

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Alex Zarecki

Essay

On February 11, 1847, Thomas Alva Edison was born. At the age of seven he and his family moved from Milan, Ohio to Port Huron, Michigan. Young Edison struggled in school, and his mother pulled the boy out to home-school him after hearing a teacher call him “addled.” He was given a job as a telegraph operator after saving the son of another such operator. This, as well as an interest in mechanics and chemistry from an early age, set the stage for a lifetime of inventions.Perhaps two of his greatest inventions, for he had over 1,000 of them, were the light bulb and the phonograph.

---

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Edison

http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/bledisonbiography1.htm

http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/bledison.htm

Date: Jan 19, 2007

more coming probably...

Date: Jan 19, 2007

and of course, the essay portion.

Sarah Mulvey

January 18, 2007

Knights Of Labor

The Knights of Labor was founded in 1869, in order to protect the rights of all laborers. It was the first union to be almost all-inclusive. Many women and African Americans were members of the Knights Of Labor. Employers were also welcomed into the organization. Only those careers that were concidered "unproductive" by the Knights were barred from membership, which included lawyers, bankers, and liquor manufacturers. The Knights worked towards shortening labor hours to an eight-hour work day, ending child labor, establishing equal pay for equal work regardless of sex or race.Even though they worked for equality, the Knights of Labor supported the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and the Contract Labor Law of 1885.

The Knights of Labor saw a rapid increase in membership after the breaking down of the National Labor Union in 1873. This lead to some changes within the organization. Instead of acting like a "fraternal organization", the Knights began to operate more like a legitimate labor union. The Knights also began to advocate the use of strikes to win rights from employers who were not members of the Knights. The organization also let go of their secrecy now that they were becoming popular.

The Knights Of Labor worked tirelessly toward their causes of equality, and made the working conditions far better for workers at the start of the industry boom.

Date: Jan 19, 2007

Alex Zarecki

(cont.)

The former was invented in Menlo Park as Edison was working on improving the telegraph. The mechanism used a needle and a tinfoil cylinder, and was completed for widespread use in 1877.

The latter was less of an invention and more of an improvement on an idea that was roughly fifty years old. In 1879, Edison and those working with him were able to produce a functional, durable, incandescent light bulb.

One final interesting tidbit is that the Edison Electric Light Company was partially funded by J. P. Morgan, a huge corporation during the industrial age.

Date: Jan 20, 2007

Kelsey Smith wrote:

Topic: Jane Addams Jane Addams was born in Illinois on September 6, 1860 born into a family with five other siblings. When Jane was two years old her mother died, shortly after her mother’s death her father remarried and gave their already big family two more brothers. Jane traveled to Europe and on her second trip she visited Toynbee Hall, not knowing that she would end up founding a settlement house herself. In 1889 Jane and Ellen Gates Starr co-founded the Hull House in Chicago Illinois. This house was one of the first settlement houses in the U.S. and had many purposes. The Hull House offered the following things:
Night school for adultsKindergarten classesClubsA public kitchenArt galleryCoffeehouseGymnasiumGirls clubSwimming poolA book binderyA music schoolDrama groupLibraryLabor-related divisionsWomen’s sociological institution
In 1893 Jane co-authored the Hull-House Maps and Papers, this book showed people the interests of the school. She also worked with social reformers and others with issues such as women’s rights; she helped put an end to child-labor. She was also a mediator in strikes such as the 1910 Garment Workers’ Strike. Jane was well known as being a social worker, sociologist, philosopher, and reformer; she also was the first American women to win the Nobel Peace Prize. After making an outstanding amount of accomplishments she passed away on May 21, 1935 and was buried in Cedarville which was her childhood home. http://www.uic.edu/jaddams/hull/ja_bio.htmlhttp://www.lkwdpl.org/wihohio/adda-jan.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Addams

This is very interesting, Kelsey, I had only heard of Jane Addams before but I didn't know what she had done. What did she do to help end child labor though?

Date: Jan 29, 2007

kathryn wrote:
mr e, you said this morning if we do a powerpoint for extra credit... we could post it here in the forum right? I did my powerpoint but i don't know how to post it. I can't put it on a floppy disk either because i have a laptop.
Over the weekend i might be able to buy one of those gaggets that work like a floppy disk ... except u plug them into a laptop. But i would have to bring it in monday.

Kathryn, I can give you a flash drive that I can let you take home and save it, ok?

Date: Feb 2, 2007

i think im gunna bring in munkins tomorrow for all of us if thats ok with you Mr.E and Every1 =)

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